Musical Hallucinations

I’ve just removed this from my new book because it didn’t fit. Seems a shame not to use it somewhere, hence the post.

Musical hallucinations are a case in point. These are auditory hallucinations in which a piece of music is heard over and over again in someone’s head. The music is usually familiar, although the condition generally affects older people and the music can date from many years ago. Most interesting to me though is the fact that these hallucinations can occur if the physical senses – or sensory inputs to the brain – have too little external stimulation. So whilst going to a thinking cabin in the woods for a week might be a very good thing, indulging in deep silence or stillness for too long may eventually result in you hearing things. Why does this happen?

According to experts such as Jerzy Konorski, a neurobiologist writing in the late 1960s, it is because sensory connections are a two way street. We have pathways between our eyes, ears, nose, skin and so on to our brain but these pathways also work in reverse, so that the brain can pick a memory of an event (the hearing of a piece of music, the smell of a freshly baked cake or the feeling of a leg long since lost) and ‘play’ these experiences back to our physical sense receptors. These nostalgic connections are not as strong as the ones going the other way but they do exist and they can come to the fore, especially when sensory input from the eyes, ears and so on coming the other way is weak or non-existent. In other words, a strong flow of sensory inputs to the cortex prevents this backwash from occurring.

As you’d expect the science has moved on somewhat from the late 1960s and in 2000 Timothy Griffiths produced a paper that showed the effect is indeed real. Using PET scans Griffiths showed conclusively that musical hallucinations were real and also that the neural networks that are activated when a patient has a musical hallucination are virtually identical to those that ‘lit up’ whilst listening to ‘real’ music. As far as the brain is concerned there is almost no difference between the two.

Offices and Thinking

Offices have historically been thought of as places for clerical work and therefore the focus has been on the efficiency of the physical space. In other words, if what an employee is doing is mindlessly repetitive then physical comfort is important. However, if you pay people to create ground breaking insights, discoveries and inventions then surely there is an opportunity here? Surely employers should be spending a bit more time thinking about how people react to physical spaces and what makes people alert and mentally productive?

According to Jeffrey Pfeffer, a Professor of organisational behaviour at Stanford University’s Graduate School of Business, construction costs represent a mere 2% of costs for a building over a 30-year operating period. Operating expenses come to another 6% but a whopping 92% of costs over this period come from people. Surely some deeper thought, and a bit more expenditure, on getting peoples’ heads in the right mental spaces might pay dividends?

Dangers of Left-Brain Thinking

Interesting article in the Nikkei Weekly (Japan) about a University of Tokyo Professor, Toru Nishigaki, who claims that the collapse of Lehman Brothers can be attributed to an over reliance of logical left brain thinking. In other words, we have created a society that puts too much trust in computers and mathematical models over and above human intuition and experience.

To quote the Prof:  “We are excited about the digital age that has just begun :but we haven’t learned how to deal with IT. Since the digital left-brain field has expanded rapidly, the right-brain field has been neglected, and various problems have arisen.”

I couldn’t agree more. Moreover, I think this over-reliance on machines and machine-like thinking is going to cause even more problems in the future (e.g Flight safety critical software). The other thing that he says, which I personally find fascinating, is that it is only really the right side of the brain that has the ability to connect with things that bring about true happiness.

PS – Possible linkage here with Susan Greenfield who said that the GFC was partly caused by sensation seeking young men who failed to appreciate real risk due to a diet of screen based entertainment in which a re-set button could always be used (i.e. the link being the digital era causing unforeseen problems).

Teaching Kids to Think

I’ve been reading something in a newspaper about Edward de Bono, who is suggesting that schools should teach children how to think. I agree but with a few additions.

We need to rebalance how people are taught to think and recognise that new ideas respond best to certain kinds of tools and environments. This means that we need to relax a bit and build flexibility into whatever systems we use. It also means that diverse inputs should be valued and that serendipitous situations should be encouraged. Education clearly has a fundamental role to play with this but we shouldn’t forget that education is only one part of the puzzle. Schools should teach children (and their parents) that formal education is important, but it is less critical than many people realise. The family unit is far more important. At least that used to be the case.

Parental influence is waning these days, partly because the family unit is less fixed than it used to be (i.e. families are more likely to split up) but also because parents now have to compete with a host of other influencing factors. This has obviously always included peer groups but it also now includes things such as mobile phones and websites that compete for finite attention and potentially drain the brain of concentration.

The old adage that you become like those you are with would seem to hold true for technology and architecture. We instinctively know this but we somehow ignore it. We know, for instance, that landscapes, music, art and so on influence how we think but the effects are so subtle that in most instances we are oblivious to it. We therefore continue to build and inhabit spaces that appear superficially efficient without stopping to think deeply about what these places are doing to our minds. We hear demands from employers for ‘out of the box’ thinking aimed squarely at employees that are themselves placed inside row upon row of identical cubicles.

The Future of Museums and Libraries

Nice wiki about the future of museums and libraries. Here’s what they say…

A collaborative resource based on The Future of Museums and Libraries: A Discussion Guide, [http://www.imls.gov/pdf/DiscussionGuide.pdf] that is available and used by others across the museum and library fields to continue to stimulate discussion and share knowledge about planning, enhancing, enriching and sustaining the future of museums and libraries in the 21st century.
http://imlsupnext.wikispaces.com/

PS – Thanks Ellen!

2010 + Ten Trends

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Here’s the promised link for my 2010 + 10 Trends: Predictions and Provocations report. Note it’s 36 pages and the file size is about 5 megs. Personally I don’t like it for some reason. No idea why.
http://www.nowandnext.com/PDF/2010_complete.pdf

The link also appears as hyperlink in ‘comments’ below.

Will We Own IT or Will IT Own Us?

Can you imagine what it might have been like to live in Florence during the renaissance? According to Kevin Kelly, founding editor of Wired magazine, we are, without realising it, witnessing something similar. We have already seen the creation of the internet and we are now witnessing its early adolescent development. The next big step will be adding basic intelligence to inanimate objects and then connect them to the net. After that, the big jump will be to link everyone and everything to a single brain — the network.

At this point the machine will know more about us than we know about it and we will delegate responsibility for our identity, our memory and our lives to the machine. It will be all knowing and all seeing. Does this sound like science fiction? Maybe not. In a few years time the internet will be wired up to billions of smart chips and sensors embedded in everyday objects and many of these objects will display a rudimentary form of intelligence.

From there it will be a small step to design machines that will be employed to do any task that we do more than once. If you have a job that can be distilled to a set of logical rules your job will become history. Humans will then be set free to focus on those things that require intuition, imagination or empathy. At least that’s the theory:.

Real Life Lost in a Virtual World.

This is beyond belief. A couple in South Korea have allegedly allowed their small baby daughter to starve to death because they became obsessed with raising an ‘avatar child’ in a virtual world called Prius Online. According to police reports, the pair, both unemployed, left their daughter at home alone while they spent 12-hour sessions raising a virtual daughter called Anima from an internet café in a suburb of Seoul.